⚠ MORE PUERTO RICANS LIVE ON THE US MAINLAND THAN ON THE ISLAND. As US citizens since 1917 they moved without immigration control: the GREAT MIGRATION to NEW YORK from the 1940s built El Barrio and the Bronx and produced NUYORICAN identity, with the cuchifritos counter, the bodega, and the pernil-and-pasteles Christmas in a cold city. Then Chicago (Humboldt Park, and the jibarito sandwich — a Chicago Puerto Rican invention using fried plantain as bread), Philadelphia, Hartford, and after HURRICANE MARÍA in 2017 a very large movement to FLORIDA. ⚠ THE JIBARITO IS RECORDED AS A DIASPORA CREATION, not an island dish.
Atlas — where and when
Communities and languages
Puerto Ricans abroadcommunitydocumented
Languages:
Spanish, English
What is recorded
More people of Puerto Rican origin live on the United States mainland than on the island. United States citizenship from 1917 permitted movement without immigration control, producing the Great Migration to New York from the 1940s and Nuyorican identity. The jibarito is documented as a Chicago Puerto Rican creation rather than an island dish. Hurricane María in 2017 produced substantial further migration, chiefly to Florida.documented
United States citizenship is extended to Puerto Ricans, permitting movement to the mainland without immigration control.documented
The Great Migration of Puerto Ricans to New York, producing El Barrio and Nuyorican identity.documented
Hurricane María, and the large migration to the mainland — chiefly Florida — that followed.documented