Cooking encyclopaedia When it goes wrong

My bread is dense

Also called heavy loaf; no rise

Either the yeast did not work, the gluten cannot hold gas, or it was baked before it had risen.

What it is

Work through it in order. Was the yeast alive and not killed by hot water or direct salt? Does a piece of dough stretch thin without tearing? Did the shaped loaf actually grow before it went in? Each has a different fix.

Why it works

Rise depends on gas produced AND a network able to hold it. Dead yeast produces no gas; under-developed gluten lets what gas there is escape; an under-proved loaf simply has not made it yet. Cold dough is slow rather than broken โ€” it usually needs hours, not help.

When to use it

Any yeasted loaf, rolls, pizza, buns.

What goes wrong

Water hot enough to kill yeast; salt tipped straight onto the yeast; too much flour added to stop it sticking, which stiffens the dough; judging proof by the clock in a cold kitchen.

Meridian cooking encyclopaedia โ€” Watchman Productions

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