The movement of cloves, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, pepper, sugar, coffee, tea and cacao through Dutch trade networks. A record of trade, coercion and migration, not a claim that Dutch cooking invented any of these ingredients.
Atlas โ where and when
What is recorded
Dutch trade networks moved cloves, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, pepper, sugar, coffee, tea and cacao at scale. That is a fact about trade, coercion and forced labour, not a claim that Dutch cooking originated any of them.documented