The Columbian Exchange in the Andes

Historical period

⚠ A DIRECTION ROW, AND THE ANDES ARE MOSTLY THE SOURCE. FROM here: the POTATO, domesticated near Lake Titicaca and now a staple on every continent; tomato and capsicum from the wider Americas; quinoa, oca, olluco, mashua, kiwicha, lucuma, cherimoya, pepino, tarwi; peanut; and the guinea pig and camelids. TO here: wheat, barley, rice, sugarcane, grapes, olives, citrus, onions, garlic, carrots, broad beans, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and chickens. Also from Africa via the Atlantic trade: plantain and some yams. ⚠ Beef in a lomo saltado, rice under a ceviche, and the wheat in a salteña are all introductions.