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Tea, Sugar and Empire
Historical period
⚠ TEA IS NOT ENGLISH AND THIS ROW SAYS SO PLAINLY. It is Chinese, reached England in the mid-17th century, and became a mass drink only through: the EAST INDIA COMPANY monopoly; the OPIUM WARS, fought in part to correct the trade deficit tea created, by selling opium into China; the theft of tea plants and knowledge from China by Robert Fortune for the Company; and the establishment of plantations in ASSAM, Darjeeling and CEYLON under indentured and coerced labour. The milk and sugar in the cup came from CARIBBEAN PLANTATION SLAVERY. Afternoon tea, attributed to the Duchess of Bedford in the 1840s, and the working-class "tea" that is a cooked evening meal, are two different institutions from the same commodity. ⚠ EMPIRE IS NOT A FOOTNOTE TO ENGLISH FOOD HISTORY; it is a large part of its mechanism.
Atlas — where and when
Communities and languages
Languages: English
What is recorded
- Tea is Chinese in origin and became a British mass commodity through the East India Company monopoly, the Opium Wars, Robert Fortune’s removal of tea plants and knowledge from China, and plantations established in Assam, Darjeeling and Ceylon under indentured and coerced labour; the accompanying sugar came from Caribbean plantation slavery. Empire is recorded as a mechanism of English food history rather than as background. documented
- Tea reaches England and becomes a mass commodity through the East India Company monopoly, the Opium Wars, and plantations in Assam, Darjeeling and Ceylon worked under indentured and coerced labour. documented
Related foodways
This foodway relates to
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related to
Caribbean
documented
The sugar in the cup came from plantation slavery.
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related to
Chinese
documented
Tea is Chinese; the Opium Wars were fought in part over the trade deficit it created.
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related to
Indian
documented
Assam and Darjeeling plantations, established under colonial rule with indentured and coerced labour.
Recipes
No recipes are filed under this cuisine yet.