Cooking encyclopedia When it goes wrong

My braise is still tough

Also called stew is chewy

Almost always not cooked long enough, not cooked too long.

80โ€“95 ยฐC (176โ€“203 ยฐF)

What it is

Put it back on, covered, at a bare simmer, and check again in forty minutes. A braise is done when a fork slides in and out without resistance โ€” not at a time, and not at a temperature.

Why it works

Collagen converts to gelatin slowly above about 70 ยฐC. A cut can be well past its target temperature and still have unconverted collagen, which is what you are chewing. If the liquid was boiling rather than simmering, the muscle has also squeezed itself dry, so it may be tough AND dry โ€” more time still helps the collagen, but lower the heat.

When to use it

Any braise, stew, or slow-cooked joint that disappoints.

What goes wrong

Adding heat instead of time; taking the lid off to speed it up, which boils it; deciding a tough cut was the wrong cut when it was simply early.

Meridian cooking encyclopedia โ€” Watchman Productions

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